The AKC has grouped all of the breeds that it registers into seven categories, or groups, roughly based on function and heritage. Breeds are grouped together because they share traits of form and function or a common heritage.
\n"},"api_url":"https://sbdapi.akc.org/admin-api/","breed_data":{"health":{"american-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","parent_club_health_statement_link":null,"mp_health":"The American Bulldog is considered a healthy breed. Owners should maintain a schedule of examinations and vaccinations as recommended by their veterinarian. Hip and joint problems are a concern for this breed, hip and elbow evaluations should also be done. Just like other breeds, the American Bulldog has the potential to develop genetic health problems. Breeders should pre-screen any potential breeding pairs for genetic diseases.
","akc_org_health":"The American Bulldog is considered a healthy breed. Owners should maintain a schedule of examinations and vaccinations as recommended by their veterinarian. Hip and joint problems are a concern for this breed, hip and elbow evaluations should also be done. Just like other breeds, the American Bulldog has the potential to develop genetic health problems. Breeders should pre-screen any potential breeding pairs for genetic diseases.
","akc_org_nutrition":"American Bulldogs are healthy dogs and will do very well with a variety of quality dog foods. American Bulldog puppies should be fed a large-breed puppy food for the first 14 months of their life in order to ensure slow and steady growth. Puppies should not be fed added calcium until they are advanced to adult food. Adult dogs should be fed a quality large-breed food along with added supplements for joint, muscle and coat care.
","akc_org_grooming":"Grooming your American Bulldog can be a pretty easy task. This breed does not need to be bathed often, only occasional baths when they become dirty. Regular brushing will help keep their coat clean and shiny. Their nails should be trimmed every few weeks and ears should be cleaned once a month or as needed. Their teeth should be brushed regularly. Seasonal shedding is to be expected.
","akc_org_exercise":"The American Bulldog is an athlete. For puppies, owners will need to practice non-impact exercises to decrease possible bone and joint damage. As adults, the American Bulldog will need a range of activities from jogs, hikes, tug-a-war games, to training exercises. The breed does not do well being left alone in a back yard. As this may lead to a variety of behavior problems related to pent-up energy. This breed requires frequent exercise and constant stimulation. Developing his athletic abilities will help this breed stay fit and happy.
","akc_org_training":"Early socialization and puppy training classes are vital in channeling the American Bulldog's energy. Rules and routines should be put in place early and adhered to as dogs grow up. They require a firm but loving hand to establish and retain proper boundaries. The more exposure to good training practices, other dogs, and people, the more likely the success at being managed both inside and outside of their environment.
","test_1":"Hip Evaluation","test_2":"Degenerative Myelopathy DNA Test","test_3":"Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1 (CMR1)","test_4":"Hyperuricosuria (HUU)","test_5":"Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 10 (NCL10)","test_6":"Ichthyosis","test_7":"Deafness","test_8":"Elbow Evaluation","test_9":"","tests_pipe_delimited_list":"Hip Evaluation | Degenerative Myelopathy DNA Test | Canine Multifocal Retinopathy 1 (CMR1) | Hyperuricosuria (HUU) | Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 10 (NCL10) | Ichthyosis | Deafness | Elbow Evaluation"}},"basics":{"american-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","breed_name_oracle":"American Bulldog","matches_oracle":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","breed_name_plural":"American Bulldogs","breed_nicknames":"","origin":"United States","breed_group":"Foundation Stock Service","year_recognized":0,"life_expectancy":"10-12 years","related_breeds":"Bulldog, Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier","links":[],"related_groups_characteristics":"Large Dog Breeds","related_breeds_items_url":["bulldog","bull-terrier","american-staffordshire-terrier"],"related_breeds_items":{"bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"bulldog","breed_name":"Bulldog","breed_name_oracle":"Bulldog","matches_oracle":"Bulldog","akc_code":"302","breed_name_plural":"Bulldogs","breed_nicknames":"Sourmug","origin":"England","breed_group":"Non-Sporting Group","year_recognized":"1886","life_expectancy":"8-10 years","related_breeds":"Bull Terrier, French Bulldog, Bullmastiff, American Staffordshire Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier","links":[],"popularity_2021":6,"popularity_2020":5,"popularity_2019":5,"popularity_2018":5,"popularity_2017":5,"popularity_2016":4,"popularity_2015":4,"related_groups_characteristics":"Best Family Dogs, Best Dogs for Apartment Dwellers, Medium Dog Breeds","temperament":"friendly / courageous / calm"},"bull-terrier":{"breed_name_url":"bull-terrier","breed_name":"Bull Terrier","breed_name_oracle":"Bull Terrier","matches_oracle":"Bull Terrier","akc_code":"206","breed_name_plural":"Bull Terriers","breed_nicknames":"BT, Bully, White Cavalier","origin":"England","breed_group":"Terrier Group","year_recognized":"1885","life_expectancy":"12-13 years","related_breeds":"Miniature Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, Bulldog","links":[],"popularity_2021":61,"popularity_2020":64,"popularity_2019":62,"popularity_2018":62,"popularity_2017":60,"popularity_2016":57,"popularity_2015":55,"related_groups_characteristics":"Best Dog Breeds for Kids, Medium Dog Breeds","temperament":"playful / charming / mischievous"},"american-staffordshire-terrier":{"breed_name_url":"american-staffordshire-terrier","breed_name":"American Staffordshire Terrier","breed_name_oracle":"American Staffordshire Terrier","matches_oracle":"American Staffordshire Terrier","akc_code":"202","breed_name_plural":"American Staffordshire Terriers","breed_nicknames":"AmStaff","origin":"United States","breed_group":"Terrier Group","year_recognized":"1936","life_expectancy":"12-16 years","related_breeds":"Staffordshire Bull Terrier, Bulldog, Boxer, Miniature Bull Terrier, Bull Terrier","links":[],"popularity_2021":81,"popularity_2020":82,"popularity_2019":86,"popularity_2018":85,"popularity_2017":83,"popularity_2016":81,"popularity_2015":77,"related_groups_characteristics":"Best Family Dogs, Smartest Breeds of Dogs, Medium Dog Breeds","temperament":"good-natured / confident / smart"}},"total_breed_count":284}},"traits":{"american-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","temperament":"loyal / self-confident","traits":{"adaptability_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":0,"traits_url":"adaptability_level","traits":"Adaptability Level","description":"How easily a breed handles change. This can include changes in living conditions, noise, weather, daily schedule, and other variations in day-to-day life.","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Lives For Routine","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"Highly Adaptable"},"affectionate_with_family":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":0,"traits_url":"affectionate_with_family","traits":"Affectionate With Family","description":"How affectionate a breed is likely to be with family members, or other people he knows well. Some breeds can be aloof with everyone but their owner, while other breeds treat everyone they know like their best friend.","breed_group":"Family Life","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Independent","middle_value_3":"Friendly","high_value_5":"Lovey-Dovey"},"barking_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":1,"traits_url":"barking_level","traits":"Barking Level","description":"How often this breed vocalizes, whether it's with barks or howls. While some breeds will bark at every passer-by or bird in the window, others will only bark in particular situations. Some barkless breeds can still be vocal, using other sounds to express themselves.","breed_group":"Character","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Only To Alert","middle_value_3":"Occasional","high_value_5":"Very Vocal"},"coat_grooming_frequency":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":0,"traits_url":"coat_grooming_frequency","traits":"Coat Grooming Frequency","description":"How frequently a breed requires bathing, brushing, trimming, or other kinds of coat maintenance. Consider how much time, patience, and budget you have for this type of care when looking at the grooming effort needed. All breeds require regular nail trimming.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Monthly","middle_value_3":"Weekly","high_value_5":"Daily"},"good_with_young_children":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":3,"traits_url":"good_with_young_children","traits":"Good With Young Children","description":"A breed's level of tolerance and patience with childrens' behavior, and overall family-friendly nature. Dogs should always be supervised around young children, or children of any age who have little exposure to dogs.","breed_group":"Family Life","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Not Recommended","middle_value_3":"With Supervision","high_value_5":"Good With Children"},"coat_length":{"selected":["Short"],"choices":["Short","Medium","Long"],"score":0,"traits_url":"coat_length","traits":"Coat Length","description":"How long the breed's coat is expected to be. Some long-haired breeds can be trimmed short, but this will require additional upkeep to maintain.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"checkbox","low_value_1":"Checkbox (can have multiple values)","middle_value_3":"","high_value_5":""},"coat_type":{"selected":["Smooth"],"choices":["Wiry","Hairless","Smooth","Rough","Corded","Double","Curly","Wavy","Silky"],"score":0,"traits_url":"coat_type","traits":"Coat Type","description":"Canine coats come in many different types, depending on the breed's purpose. Each coat type comes with different grooming needs, allergen potential, and shedding level. You may also just prefer the look or feel of certain coat types over others when choosing a family pet.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"checkbox","low_value_1":"Checkbox (can have multiple values)","middle_value_3":"","high_value_5":""},"drooling_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":0,"traits_url":"drooling_level","traits":"Drooling Level","description":"How drool-prone a breed tends to be. If you're a neat freak, dogs that can leave ropes of slobber on your arm or big wet spots on your clothes may not be the right choice for you.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Less Likely to Drool","middle_value_3":"Average","high_value_5":"Always Have a Towel"},"energy_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":0,"traits_url":"energy_level","traits":"Energy Level","description":"The amount of exercise and mental stimulation a breed needs. High energy breeds are ready to go and eager for their next adventure. They'll spend their time running, jumping, and playing throughout the day. Low energy breeds are like couch potatoes - they're happy to simply lay around and snooze.","breed_group":"Character","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Couch Potato","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"High Energy"},"good_with_other_dogs":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":3,"traits_url":"good_with_other_dogs","traits":"Good With Other Dogs","description":"How generally friendly a breed is towards other dogs. Dogs should always be supervised for interactions and introductions with other dogs, but some breeds are innately more likely to get along with other dogs, both at home and in public.","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Not Recommended","middle_value_3":"With Supervision","high_value_5":"Good With Other Dogs"},"mental_stimulation_needs":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":0,"traits_url":"mental_stimulation_needs","traits":"Mental Stimulation Needs","description":"How much mental stimulation a breed needs to stay happy and healthy. Purpose-bred dogs can have jobs that require decision-making, problem-solving, concentration, or other qualities, and without the brain exercise they need, they'll create their own projects to keep their minds busy -- and they probably won't be the kind of projects you'd like.","breed_group":"Character","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Happy to Lounge","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"Needs a Job or Activity"},"openness_to_strangers":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":0,"traits_url":"openness_to_strangers","traits":"Openness To Strangers","description":"How welcoming a breed is likely to be towards strangers. Some breeds will be reserved or cautious around all strangers, regardless of the location, while other breeds will be happy to meet a new human whenever one is around!","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Reserved","middle_value_3":"Ambivalent","high_value_5":"Everyone Is My Best Friend"},"playfulness_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":0,"traits_url":"playfulness_level","traits":"Playfulness Level","description":"How enthusiastic about play a breed is likely to be, even past the age of puppyhood. Some breeds will continue wanting to play tug-of-war or fetch well into their adult years, while others will be happy to just relax on the couch with you most of the time.","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Only When You Want To Play","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"Non-Stop"},"shedding_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":2,"traits_url":"shedding_level","traits":"Shedding Level","description":"How much fur and hair you can expect the breed to leave behind. Breeds with high shedding will need to be brushed more frequently, are more likely to trigger certain types of allergies, and are more likely to require more consistent vacuuming and lint-rolling.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"radio","low_value_1":"No Shedding","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"Hair Everywhere"},"trainability_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":4,"traits_url":"trainability_level","traits":"Trainability Level","description":"How easy it will be to train your dog, and how willing your dog will be to learn new things. Some breeds just want to make their owner proud, while others prefer to do what they want, when they want to, wherever they want!","breed_group":"Character","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Self-Willed","middle_value_3":"Agreeable","high_value_5":"Eager to Please"},"watchdogprotective_nature":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":0,"traits_url":"watchdogprotective_nature","traits":"Watchdog/Protective Nature","description":"A breed's tendency to alert you that strangers are around. These breeds are more likely to react to any potential threat, whether it's the mailman or a squirrel outside the window. These breeds are likely to warm to strangers who enter the house and are accepted by their family.","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"What's Mine Is Yours","middle_value_3":"Occasional","high_value_5":"Vigilant"},"other_petsanimals_this_breed_may_not_interact_well_with":{"traits_url":"other_petsanimals_this_breed_may_not_interact_well_with","traits":"Other Pets/Animals This Breed May Not Interact Well With","description":"Some breeds are better suited than others to interact with animals other than dogs, whether it's around the house or around the yard. Always supervise interactions between species to help keep your dog and other animals safe.","breed_group":"Social","low_value_1":"Checkbox (can have multiple values)","middle_value_3":"","high_value_5":"","choices":false,"selected":[]}}}},"description":{"american-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_org_blurb":"American Bulldogs are a well-balanced athletic dog that demonstrate great strength, endurance, agility, and a friendly attitude. Historically, they were bred to be a utility dog used for working the farm.
","akc_org_about":"The American Bulldog is a descendant of the English Bulldog. It is believed that the bulldog was in America as early as the 17th century. They came to the United States in the 1800s, with immigrants who brought their working bulldogs with them. Small farmers and ranchers used this all-around working dog for many tasks including farm guardians, stock dogs, and catch dogs. The breed largely survived, particularly in the southern states, due to its ability to bring down and catch feral pigs.
\n
\n The breed we know as the American Bulldog was originally known by many different names before the name American Bulldog became the standard. In different parts of the South he was known as the White English Southern Bulldog, but most commonly just \"bulldog.\" The breed was not called a bulldog because of a certain look, but because they did real bulldog work.
The American Bulldog is a descendant of the English Bulldog. It is believed that the bulldog was in America as early as the 17th century. They came to the United States in the 1800s, with immigrants who brought their working bulldogs with them. Small farmers and ranchers used this all-around working dog for many tasks including farm guardians, stock dogs, and catch dogs. The breed largely survived, particularly in the southern states, due to its ability to bring down and catch feral pigs.
\nThe breed we know as the American Bulldog was originally known by many different names before the name American Bulldog became the standard. In different parts of the South he was known as the White English Southern Bulldog, but most commonly just \"bulldog.\" The breed was not called a bulldog because of a certain look, but because they did real bulldog work.
"}},"standards":{"american-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","title_1":"General Appearance","description_1":"","title_2":"Head","description_2":"","title_3":"Body","description_3":"","title_4":"Forequarters","description_4":"","title_5":"Hindquarters","description_5":"","title_6":"Coat","description_6":"","title_7":"","description_7":"","title_8":"","description_8":"","height_min":"22","height_max":"22","weight_min":"75","weight_max":"75","size":"Large
","breed_standard_PDF":null,"height_min_f":"22","height_max_f":"22","height_min_m":"22","height_max_m":"22","height_display":"22-25 inches (males); 20-23 inches (females)","weight_min_f":"75","weight_max_f":"75","weight_min_m":"75","weight_max_m":"75","weight_display":"75-100 pounds (males); 60-80 pounds (females)"}},"markings":{"american-bulldog":{"markings":[{"marking_index":493,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"012","markings_long":"Tan Markings","markings_short":"TN MKGS"},{"marking_index":494,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"022","markings_long":"Brown Markings","markings_short":"BR MKGS"},{"marking_index":495,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"002","markings_long":"Black Markings","markings_short":"BLK MKGS"},{"marking_index":496,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"007","markings_long":"Brindle Markings","markings_short":"BRDL MKGS"},{"marking_index":497,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"023","markings_long":"Red Markings","markings_short":"RD MKGS"}]}},"colors":{"american-bulldog":{"colors":[{"color_index":1613,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"199","color_long":"White","color_short":"WH"},{"color_index":1614,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"A","cde_color":"202","color_long":"White & Black","color_short":"WH & BLK"},{"color_index":1615,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"A","cde_color":"203","color_long":"White & Brindle","color_short":"WH & BRDL"},{"color_index":1616,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"A","cde_color":"204","color_long":"White & Brown","color_short":"WH & BR"},{"color_index":1617,"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_code":"673","standard_alternate":"A","cde_color":"217","color_long":"White & Tan","color_short":"WH & TN"}]}},"clubs":{"american-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","breed_club_name":"American Bulldog","breed_club_url":null,"breed_club_pdf_url":"","breed_rescue_url":null,"national_breed_club":"American Bulldog","national_breed_club_url":"","breed_referral_contact_name":"","breed_referral_contact_phone_number":"","breed_referral_contact_email":"","breed_referral_contact_address":"","breed_referral_directory_title":"","breed_referral_directory_url":"","breed_referral_regional_club_title":"","breed_referral_regional_club_url":"","breed_referral_breed_steward_title":"","breed_referral_breed_steward_url":"","breed_referral_breed_mentor_title":"","breed_referral_breed_mentor_url":"","breed_rescue_link":"","breed_club_metadata":[{"id":1691,"breed_id":"283","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: National Breed Club Content","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_mp_freetext","date_create":"2022-04-21 15:41:24","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":277,"breed_id":"283","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"National Breed Club & Rescue Paragraph","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue","date_create":"2021-12-13 15:50:12","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":"Want to connect with other people who love the same breed as much as you do? We have plenty of opportunities to get involved in your local community, thanks to AKC Breed Clubs located in every state, and more than 450 AKC Rescue Network groups across the country."},{"id":1388,"breed_id":"283","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue Email","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_email","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:20","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":1390,"breed_id":"283","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue (freetext field)","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_freetext","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:20","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":1387,"breed_id":"283","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue Name","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_name","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:20","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":1389,"breed_id":"283","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue Phone","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_phone","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:20","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null}]}},"history":{"american-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"american-bulldog","breed_name":"American Bulldog","akc_org_history":"The American Bulldog is a powerfully built dog whose original function was that of a farm utility dog and family companion and protector. The American Bulldog is thought to have been in the United States as early as the 1700s and many arrived with their owners and families during the 17th and 18th centuries. The breed was well known for their abilities for catching feral cattle and pigs and became a useful tool to the small farmers and ranchers. The breed largely survived, particularly in the southern states, due to this ability. The breed almost died out during WWI and WWII, with the only surviving dogs kept on farms primarily in the southeast. The two men who are recognized as the pioneers of bringing the breed back from possible extinction are John D. Johnson and Alan Scott.
","mp_history_job":"Enter something here!
","did_you_know":"The American Bulldog was approved for the FSS program November 2019. | The American Bulldog can jump vertically in excess of three feet due to their dense muscular build. | American Bulldogs are known for their almost clownish-like behavior when happy and excited. | The American Bulldog¿s primary job has always been to work as a hog and cattle dog and a protector of personal property."}}},"wp_breed_api_url":"https://www.akc.org/wp-json/json/v2/breedlist.json","breed_standard_text":"Breed Standard: A description of the ideal dog of each recognized breed, to serve as an ideal against which dogs are judged at shows, originally laid down by a parent breed club and accepted officially by national or international bodies.
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\n"},"history":{"anchor_nav":{"id":"timeline","url":"#timeline","value":"#timeline","text":"History","is_active":null,"menu_order":5},"has_dots":true,"section_title":{"text":"History"},"content":"The American Bulldog is a powerfully built dog whose original function was that of a farm utility dog and family companion and protector. The American Bulldog is thought to have been in the United States as early as the 1700s and many arrived with their owners and families during the 17th and 18th centuries. The breed was well known for their abilities for catching feral cattle and pigs and became a useful tool to the small farmers and ranchers. The breed largely survived, particularly in the southern states, due to this ability. The breed almost died out during WWI and WWII, with the only surviving dogs kept on farms primarily in the southeast. The two men who are recognized as the pioneers of bringing the breed back from possible extinction are John D. Johnson and Alan Scott.
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","credit":""}],"tall_credits":false},"health":{"description":"Owning a dog is not just a privilege; it’s a responsibility. They depend on us for, at minimum, food and shelter, and deserve much more. When you take a dog into your life, you need to understand the commitment that dog ownership entails.
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","akc_org_health":"Bulldog owners should be vigilant to ensure their dog does not become overheated. A Bulldog should not be left out in the hot sun unsupervised or without access to shade and water, and of course no dog should be left in an enclosed car in even mildly warm weather. If a Bulldog is overexcited or breathing too hard, his tongue will hang out unusually far and have a bluish cast instead of the normal pink. Immediate soaking with cool water and giving ice can help to cool the dog. The Bulldog Club of America provides additional detailed advice on Bulldog health and care.
","akc_org_nutrition":"The Bulldog should do well on a high-quality dog food, whether commercially manufactured or home-prepared with your veterinarian's supervision and approval. Any diet should be appropriate to the dog's age (puppy, adult, or senior). Some dogs are prone to getting overweight, so watch your dog's calorie consumption and weight level. Treats can be an important aid in training, but giving too many can cause obesity. Learn about which human foods are safe for dogs, and which are not. Check with your vet if you have any concerns about your dog's weight or diet. Clean, fresh water should be available at all times.
","akc_org_grooming":"An all-over brushing with a soft brush for 10 minutes two or three times a week will keep the Bulldog looking his best. During periods of heavier shedding, it can help to first use a rubber curry brush. The wrinkles on the Bulldog's face need to be regularly checked to make sure the skin is clean and dry, as food or moisture can get trapped and cause irritation or infection. A cotton ball dipped in peroxide can be used to clean the wrinkles, and cornstarch can be applied afterward to aid in drying'¿although neither should be used near the eyes. The ears and the area under the tail should be kept clean, and the dog's nails trimmed every two weeks or so.
","akc_org_exercise":"Bulldogs are mellow and are happy to relax next to their owner's feet, but they also enjoy an occasional romp and going on walks. Moderate exercise will help the dog to stay trim. Very warm days are best spent in front of an air-conditioner, however, as the Bulldog's short muzzle can make breathing difficult in heat and humidity. Stairs and pools also present major safety hazards. Bulldogs enjoy wading in very shallow water, but they should never be allowed in water that's more than elbow deep unless supervised closely.
","akc_org_training":"Bulldogs are sweet, devoted, and easygoing, and they want to please their owner. As with all breeds, early socialization is vital to help give the dog a good start in life. Puppy training classes are highly recommended as well and allow the owner to learn how to curb any undesirable behaviors. Bulldogs love to chew'¿most will enjoy chew toys their entire life. They also love to play tug-of-war, but it is important to teach the dog when he is young to release what's in his mouth on command. From the start the young Bulldog should also be taught to accept having people take food from his bowl while he is eating, so that he does not develop a habit of being protective of his food.
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"}},"standards":{"bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"bulldog","breed_name":"Bulldog","title_1":"General Appearance","description_1":"The perfect Bulldog must be of medium size and smooth coat; with heavy, thick-set, low-swung body, massive short-faced head, wide shoulders and sturdy limbs. The general appearance and attitude should suggest great stability, vigor and strength. The disposition should be equable and kind, resolute and courageous (not vicious or aggressive), and demeanor should be pacific and dignified. These attributes should be countenanced by the expression and behavior.","title_2":"Head","description_2":"The skull should be very large, and in circumference, in front of the ears, should measure at least the height of the dog at the shoulders. Viewed from the front, it should appear very high from the corner of the lower jaw to the apex of the skull, and also very broad and square. Viewed at the side, the head should appear very high, and very short from the point of the nose to occiput. The forehead should be flat (not rounded or domed), neither too prominent nor overhanging the face.","title_3":"Body","description_3":"The brisket and body should be very capacious, with full sides, well-rounded ribs and very deep from the shoulders down to its lowest part, where it joins the chest. It should be well let down between the shoulders and forelegs, giving the dog a broad, low, short-legged appearance. Chest - The chest should be very broad, deep and full. Underline - The body should be well ribbed up behind with the belly tucked up and not rotund. Back and Loin - The back should be short and strong, very broad at the shoulders and comparatively narrow at the loins.","title_4":"Forequarters","description_4":"Shoulders - The shoulders should be muscular, very heavy, widespread and slanting outward, giving stability and great power. Forelegs - The forelegs should be short, very stout, straight and muscular, set wide apart, with well developed calves, presenting a bowed outline, but the bones of the legs should not be curved or bandy, nor the feet brought too close together. Elbows - The elbows should be low and stand well out and loose from the body. Feet - The feet should be moderate in size, compact and firmly set. Toes compact, well split up, with high knuckles and very short stubby nails. The front feet may be straight or slightly out-turned.","title_5":"Coat","description_5":"Coat - The coat should be straight, short, flat, close, of fine texture, smooth and glossy. (No fringe, feather or curl.) Skin - The skin should be soft and loose, especially at the head, neck and shoulders. Wrinkles and Dewlap - The head and face should be covered with heavy wrinkles, and at the throat, from jaw to chest, there should be two loose pendulous folds, forming the dewlap.","title_6":"Hindquarters","description_6":"Legs - The hind legs should be strong and muscular and longer than the forelegs, so as to elevate the loins above the shoulders. Hocks should be slightly bent and well let down, so as to give length and strength from the loins to hock. The lower leg should be short, straight and strong, with the stifles turned slightly outward and away from the body. The hocks are thereby made to approach each other, and the hind feet to turn outward.","title_7":"","description_7":"","title_8":"","description_8":"","height_min":"14","height_max":"15","weight_min":"40","weight_max":"50","size":"Medium","breed_standard_PDF":"http://images.akc.org/pdf/breeds/standards/Bulldog.pdf","height_min_f":"14","height_max_f":"15","height_min_m":"14","height_max_m":"15","height_display":"14-15 inches","weight_min_f":"40","weight_max_f":"50","weight_min_m":"40","weight_max_m":"50","weight_display":"50 pounds (male), 40 pounds (female)"}},"markings":{"bulldog":{"markings":[{"marking_index":133,"breed_name_url":"bulldog","breed_name":"Bulldog","akc_code":"302","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"013","markings_long":"Ticked","markings_short":"TKD"},{"marking_index":134,"breed_name_url":"bulldog","breed_name":"Bulldog","akc_code":"302","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"014","markings_long":"White Markings","markings_short":"WH 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15:41:23","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":60,"breed_id":"60","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"National Breed Club & Rescue Paragraph","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue","date_create":"2021-12-13 15:50:11","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":"Want to connect with other people who love the same breed as much as you do? We have plenty of opportunities to get involved in your local community, thanks to AKC Breed Clubs located in every state, and more than 450 AKC Rescue Network groups across the country."},{"id":520,"breed_id":"60","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue Email","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_email","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:16","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":522,"breed_id":"60","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue (freetext field)","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_freetext","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:16","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":519,"breed_id":"60","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue Name","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_name","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:16","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":521,"breed_id":"60","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue Phone","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_phone","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:16","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null}]}},"history":{"bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"bulldog","breed_name":"Bulldog","akc_org_history":"Historical evidence suggests that Bulldogs were created in 13th-century England, during the reign of King John, for the 'sport' of bullbaiting, in which a staked bull fought a pack of dogs while spectators bet on the outcome. The dogs used in this grisly pastime, the ancestors of today's Bulldog, were ferocious brutes with huge jaws, unbelievably brave and seemingly impervious to pain.\n \n \n \n A turning point in Bulldog history came in 1835, when England banned blood sports with animals. Blood sports went underground, literally, as bullbaiting gave way to pit-dog fighting in cellars. This illicit activity required quicker, more animated dogs than the plodding Bulldog of the early 19th century. Gamblers created their fiery, four-legged gladiators by crossing various terriers with Bulldogs, and in so doing put forth early prototypes of the Bull Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, and other bull-type terrier breeds still popular today.\n \n \n \n With bullbaiting obsolete, the Bulldog faced extinction. In response, Bulldog admirers began the long process of transforming the breed from brawler to companion. They refined the physical contours to make the dog more attractive, and they also tamped down the Bulldog's ferociousness and reconceived the breed as a sweet and mellow pet who is especially fond of children. By 1886, Bulldog fanciers on both sides of the Atlantic had done their work well enough to see the breed recognized by the AKC.\n \n \n \n The Bulldog has long since been the national symbol of England. During World War II much was made of the similarities between the jowly, tenacious Bulldog and the jowly, tenacious Prime Minister Winston Churchill. In America, the breed is the mascot of myriad sports team, including those representing Yale University. Yale's Bulldog mascot, Handsome Dan, was said to be the first animal mascot in all of sports. Another famous Bulldog football mascot is Uga, who enjoys the exploits of the University of Georgia Bulldogs from the comfort of an air-conditioned doghouse on the sidelines. The Bulldog also serves as the wrinkly face of the Mack Truck company and the U.S. Marine Corps.","mp_history_job":"Bulldogs were created in medieval England for the ¿sport¿ of bullbaiting, in which a staked bull fought a pack of dogs while spectators bet on the outcome. The dogs used in this grisly pastime, the ancestors of today¿s Bulldog, were unbelievably brave and seemingly impervious to pain. The turning point in Bulldog history came in 1835, when England banned blood sports. With no work to do, the Bulldog might¿ve gone extinct. Instead, breeders began eliminating the Bulldog¿s ferociousness while accentuating its finer qualities.","did_you_know":"President Calvin Coolidge owned a Bulldog named \"Boston Beans.\" | Despite their small size, Bulldogs can weigh up to 50 pounds. | The word \"bull\" appears in \"Bulldog\" due to the breed's historical connection with bullbaiting, a popular sport in medieval Europe that is now illegal. | President Warren G. Harding owned a Bulldog named \"Old Boy.\" | Hanna-Barbera's animated film series \"Tom and Jerry\" features a Bulldog named \"Spike,\" who made his first appearance in 1942. | The Bulldog originated in the British Isles and is also known as the English Bulldog."}}},"wp_breed_api_url":"https://www.akc.org/wp-json/json/v2/breedlist.json","breed_standard_text":"Breed Standard: A description of the ideal dog of each recognized breed, to serve as an ideal against which dogs are judged at shows, originally laid down by a parent breed club and accepted officially by national or international bodies.
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We have plenty of opportunities to get involved in your local community, thanks to AKC Breed Clubs located in every state, and more than 450 AKC Rescue Network groups across the country."},"popularity":{"title":"AKC Breed Popularity Ranking","text":"Every year the American Kennel Club releases the list of \"most popular breeds\", based on registration statistics for that year.
\n"},"history":{"anchor_nav":{"id":"timeline","url":"#timeline","value":"#timeline","text":"History","is_active":null,"menu_order":5},"has_dots":true,"section_title":{"text":"History"},"content":"Historical evidence suggests that Bulldogs were created in 13th-century England, during the reign of King John, for the “sport” of bullbaiting, in which a staked bull fought a pack of dogs while spectators bet on the outcome. The dogs used in this grisly pastime, the ancestors of today’s Bulldog, were ferocious brutes with huge jaws, unbelievably brave and seemingly impervious to pain.
\nA turning point in Bulldog history came in 1835, when England banned blood sports with animals. Blood sports went underground, literally, as bullbaiting gave way to pit-dog fighting in cellars. This illicit activity required quicker, more animated dogs than the plodding Bulldog of the early 19th century. Gamblers created their fiery, four-legged gladiators by crossing various terriers with Bulldogs, and in so doing put forth early prototypes of the Bull Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, and other bull-type terrier breeds still popular today.
\nWith bullbaiting obsolete, the Bulldog faced extinction. In response, Bulldog admirers began the long process of transforming the breed from brawler to companion. They refined the physical contours to make the dog more attractive, and they also tamped down the Bulldog’s ferociousness and reconceived the breed as a sweet and mellow pet who is especially fond of children. By 1886, Bulldog fanciers on both sides of the Atlantic had done their work well enough to see the breed recognized by the AKC.
\nThe Bulldog has long since been the national symbol of England. During World War II much was made of the similarities between the jowly, tenacious Bulldog and the jowly, tenacious Prime Minister Winston Churchill. In America, the breed is the mascot of myriad sports team, including those representing Yale University. Yale’s Bulldog mascot, Handsome Dan, was said to be the first animal mascot in all of sports. Another famous Bulldog football mascot is Uga, who enjoys the exploits of the University of Georgia Bulldogs from the comfort of an air-conditioned doghouse on the sidelines. The Bulldog also serves as the wrinkly face of the Mack Truck company and the U.S. Marine Corps.
\n","excerpt":"Historical evidence suggests that Bulldogs were created in 13th-century England, during the reign of King John, for the “sport” of bullbaiting, in which a staked bull fought a pack of dogs while spectators bet on the outcome. The dogs used…","origins":"","slides":[{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Bulldog-History-01.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the American Kennel Club Library and Archives"},{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Bulldog-History-02.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the American Kennel Club Library and Archives"},{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Bulldog-History-03.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the American Kennel Club Library and Archives"},{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Bulldog-History-04.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the American Kennel Club Library and Archives"},{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Bulldog-History-05.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the American Kennel Club Library and Archives"}],"tall_credits":true},"health":{"description":"Owning a dog is not just a privilege; it’s a responsibility. They depend on us for, at minimum, food and shelter, and deserve much more. When you take a dog into your life, you need to understand the commitment that dog ownership entails.
\n"}}},{"_id":"63c7b1c41e9584717deef245","settings":{"current_breed":"french-bulldog","current_breed_group":{"name":"Non-Sporting Group","url":"https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/non-sporting/","tooltip":"The AKC has grouped all of the breeds that it registers into seven categories, or groups, roughly based on function and heritage. Breeds are grouped together because they share traits of form and function or a common heritage.
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If your dog seems to overheat or become stressed too easily, with noisy breathing and sometimes spitting up foam, consult the vet and have its airway evaluated for pinched nostrils or an elongated soft palate. Anesthesia is also more risky in short-faced dogs, so be sure your vet is experienced with such breeds should your Frenchie need to be anesthetized. Like other dwarf breeds, the stocky French Bulldog may also have abnormal vertebrae and/or premature degeneration of the intervertebral discs. While the spine is supported by good musculature, herniation of degenerated discs can cause major problems, and most symptomatic back problems are due to disc disease rather than to abnormal vertebrae.","akc_org_health":"Because of their front-heavy structure, Frenchies cannot swim and should never be left unattended near a tub, pool, or body of water. Like all flat-faced breeds, Frenchies are prone to breathing problems and do poorly in hot or humid weather. Flat-faced breeds are also more sensitive to anesthesia. Frenchies occasionally have eye conditions such as cherry eye, juvenile cataracts, or entropion, and skin allergies and autoimmune skin disorders also are known to occur. A responsible breeder will take advantage of available tests to screen breeding stock for conditions that can affect the breed.","akc_org_nutrition":"A high-quality dog food appropriate to the dog's age (puppy, adult, or senior) will have all the nutrients the breed needs. Frenchies are prone to obesity, which can damage their physical structure and puts them at higher risk for some of the breed's health issues, so it is vital to watch their calorie intake and weight. If you choose to give your dog treats, do so in moderation. Give table scraps sparingly, if at all, especially avoiding cooked bones and foods high in fat. Learn about which human foods are safe for dogs and which are not. Check with your vet if you have any concerns about your dog's weight or diet.","akc_org_grooming":"The Frenchie's short coat sheds minimally. Weekly brushing with a medium-bristle brush, a rubber grooming mitt or tool, or a hound glove will help to remove shed hair and keep him looking his best. Brushing promotes new hair growth and distributes skin oils throughout the coat to help keep it healthy. A Frenchie's facial folds should be kept clean and dry. The Frenchie's nailsshould be trimmed regularly, as overly long nails can cause him pain.","akc_org_exercise":"A short walk or outdoor play session with their owner each day should provide enough exercise to keep the French Bulldog in shape. Frenchies enjoy participating in canine sports such as obedience, agility, and rally. As a flat-faced breed, however, they are prone to breathing difficulties and should never be allowed to exert themselves in hot or humid weather.","akc_org_training":"Early socialization and puppy training classes are recommended. Exposing the puppy to a wide variety of people, places, and situations will help him develop into a well-adjusted adult. Puppy training classes serve as part of the socialization process, promote good behavior, and help the owner learn to recognize and correct bad habits. Frenchies have big personalities and can need a fair amount of training to make them civilized companions. They can be stubborn, but at heart they're people pleasers and therefore easy to train. The proper motivation (such as food) and making a game of the process will ensure their cooperation.","test_1":"Patella Evaluation","test_2":"Hip Evaluation","test_3":"Cardiac Exam","test_4":"Ophthalmologist Evaluation","test_5":"","test_6":"","test_7":"","test_8":"","test_9":"","tests_pipe_delimited_list":"Patella Evaluation | Hip Evaluation | Cardiac Exam | Ophthalmologist Evaluation"}},"basics":{"french-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","breed_name_oracle":"French Bulldog","matches_oracle":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","breed_name_plural":"French Bulldogs","breed_nicknames":"Frenchie","origin":"England","breed_group":"Non-Sporting Group","year_recognized":"1898","life_expectancy":"10-12 years","related_breeds":"Boston Terrier, Bulldog, Bull Terrier, Miniature Bull Terrier, Pug","links":[],"popularity_2021":2,"popularity_2020":2,"popularity_2019":4,"popularity_2018":4,"popularity_2017":4,"popularity_2016":6,"popularity_2015":6,"related_groups_characteristics":"Best Family Dogs, Best Dogs for Apartment Dwellers","related_breeds_items_url":["boston-terrier","bulldog","bull-terrier","miniature-bull-terrier","pug"],"related_breeds_items":{"boston-terrier":{"breed_name_url":"boston-terrier","breed_name":"Boston Terrier","breed_name_oracle":"Boston Terrier","matches_oracle":"Boston Terrier","akc_code":"301","breed_name_plural":"Boston Terriers","breed_nicknames":"Boston, The American Gentleman","origin":"United States","breed_group":"Non-Sporting Group","year_recognized":"1893","life_expectancy":"11-13 years","related_breeds":"French Bulldog, Affenpinscher, Pug, Rat Terrier","links":[],"popularity_2021":23,"popularity_2020":21,"popularity_2019":21,"popularity_2018":21,"popularity_2017":21,"popularity_2016":21,"popularity_2015":22,"related_groups_characteristics":"Smallest Dog Breeds","temperament":"friendly / bright / amusing"},"bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"bulldog","breed_name":"Bulldog","breed_name_oracle":"Bulldog","matches_oracle":"Bulldog","akc_code":"302","breed_name_plural":"Bulldogs","breed_nicknames":"Sourmug","origin":"England","breed_group":"Non-Sporting Group","year_recognized":"1886","life_expectancy":"8-10 years","related_breeds":"Bull Terrier, French Bulldog, Bullmastiff, American Staffordshire Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier","links":[],"popularity_2021":6,"popularity_2020":5,"popularity_2019":5,"popularity_2018":5,"popularity_2017":5,"popularity_2016":4,"popularity_2015":4,"related_groups_characteristics":"Best Family Dogs, Best Dogs for Apartment Dwellers, Medium Dog Breeds","temperament":"friendly / courageous / calm"},"bull-terrier":{"breed_name_url":"bull-terrier","breed_name":"Bull Terrier","breed_name_oracle":"Bull Terrier","matches_oracle":"Bull Terrier","akc_code":"206","breed_name_plural":"Bull Terriers","breed_nicknames":"BT, Bully, White Cavalier","origin":"England","breed_group":"Terrier Group","year_recognized":"1885","life_expectancy":"12-13 years","related_breeds":"Miniature Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, Bulldog","links":[],"popularity_2021":61,"popularity_2020":64,"popularity_2019":62,"popularity_2018":62,"popularity_2017":60,"popularity_2016":57,"popularity_2015":55,"related_groups_characteristics":"Best Dog Breeds for Kids, Medium Dog Breeds","temperament":"playful / charming / mischievous"},"miniature-bull-terrier":{"breed_name_url":"miniature-bull-terrier","breed_name":"Miniature Bull Terrier","breed_name_oracle":"Miniature Bull Terrier","matches_oracle":"Miniature Bull Terrier","akc_code":"227","breed_name_plural":"Miniature Bull Terriers","breed_nicknames":"Mini Bull, MBT","origin":"England","breed_group":"Terrier Group","year_recognized":"1991","life_expectancy":"11-13 years","related_breeds":"Bulldog, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, French Bulldog, American Staffordshire Terrier, Bull Terrier","links":[],"popularity_2021":107,"popularity_2020":105,"popularity_2019":114,"popularity_2018":110,"popularity_2017":115,"popularity_2016":120,"popularity_2015":121,"related_groups_characteristics":"Smallest Dog Breeds","temperament":"upbeat / mischievous / comical"},"pug":{"breed_name_url":"pug","breed_name":"Pug","breed_name_oracle":"Pug","matches_oracle":"Pug","akc_code":"512","breed_name_plural":"Pugs","breed_nicknames":"Multum in Parvo","origin":"China","breed_group":"Toy Group","year_recognized":"1885","life_expectancy":"13-15 years","related_breeds":"Pekingese, Japanese Chin, French Bulldog, Boston Terrier, Shih Tzu","links":[],"popularity_2021":33,"popularity_2020":29,"popularity_2019":31,"popularity_2018":28,"popularity_2017":31,"popularity_2016":32,"popularity_2015":33,"related_groups_characteristics":"Smallest Dog Breeds, Best Family Dogs, Best Dogs for Apartment Dwellers","temperament":"charming / loving / mischievous"}},"total_breed_count":284}},"traits":{"french-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","temperament":"playful / smart / adaptable","traits":{"adaptability_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":5,"traits_url":"adaptability_level","traits":"Adaptability Level","description":"How easily a breed handles change. This can include changes in living conditions, noise, weather, daily schedule, and other variations in day-to-day life.","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Lives For Routine","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"Highly Adaptable"},"affectionate_with_family":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":5,"traits_url":"affectionate_with_family","traits":"Affectionate With Family","description":"How affectionate a breed is likely to be with family members, or other people he knows well. Some breeds can be aloof with everyone but their owner, while other breeds treat everyone they know like their best friend.","breed_group":"Family Life","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Independent","middle_value_3":"Friendly","high_value_5":"Lovey-Dovey"},"barking_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":1,"traits_url":"barking_level","traits":"Barking Level","description":"How often this breed vocalizes, whether it's with barks or howls. While some breeds will bark at every passer-by or bird in the window, others will only bark in particular situations. Some barkless breeds can still be vocal, using other sounds to express themselves.","breed_group":"Character","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Only To Alert","middle_value_3":"Occasional","high_value_5":"Very Vocal"},"coat_grooming_frequency":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":1,"traits_url":"coat_grooming_frequency","traits":"Coat Grooming Frequency","description":"How frequently a breed requires bathing, brushing, trimming, or other kinds of coat maintenance. Consider how much time, patience, and budget you have for this type of care when looking at the grooming effort needed. All breeds require regular nail trimming.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Monthly","middle_value_3":"Weekly","high_value_5":"Daily"},"good_with_young_children":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":5,"traits_url":"good_with_young_children","traits":"Good With Young Children","description":"A breed's level of tolerance and patience with childrens' behavior, and overall family-friendly nature. Dogs should always be supervised around young children, or children of any age who have little exposure to dogs.","breed_group":"Family Life","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Not Recommended","middle_value_3":"With Supervision","high_value_5":"Good With Children"},"coat_length":{"selected":["Short"],"choices":["Short","Medium","Long"],"score":0,"traits_url":"coat_length","traits":"Coat Length","description":"How long the breed's coat is expected to be. Some long-haired breeds can be trimmed short, but this will require additional upkeep to maintain.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"checkbox","low_value_1":"Checkbox (can have multiple values)","middle_value_3":"","high_value_5":""},"coat_type":{"selected":["Smooth"],"choices":["Wiry","Hairless","Smooth","Rough","Corded","Double","Curly","Wavy","Silky"],"score":0,"traits_url":"coat_type","traits":"Coat Type","description":"Canine coats come in many different types, depending on the breed's purpose. Each coat type comes with different grooming needs, allergen potential, and shedding level. You may also just prefer the look or feel of certain coat types over others when choosing a family pet.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"checkbox","low_value_1":"Checkbox (can have multiple values)","middle_value_3":"","high_value_5":""},"drooling_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":3,"traits_url":"drooling_level","traits":"Drooling Level","description":"How drool-prone a breed tends to be. If you're a neat freak, dogs that can leave ropes of slobber on your arm or big wet spots on your clothes may not be the right choice for you.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Less Likely to Drool","middle_value_3":"Average","high_value_5":"Always Have a Towel"},"energy_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":3,"traits_url":"energy_level","traits":"Energy Level","description":"The amount of exercise and mental stimulation a breed needs. High energy breeds are ready to go and eager for their next adventure. They'll spend their time running, jumping, and playing throughout the day. Low energy breeds are like couch potatoes - they're happy to simply lay around and snooze.","breed_group":"Character","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Couch Potato","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"High Energy"},"good_with_other_dogs":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":4,"traits_url":"good_with_other_dogs","traits":"Good With Other Dogs","description":"How generally friendly a breed is towards other dogs. Dogs should always be supervised for interactions and introductions with other dogs, but some breeds are innately more likely to get along with other dogs, both at home and in public.","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Not Recommended","middle_value_3":"With Supervision","high_value_5":"Good With Other Dogs"},"mental_stimulation_needs":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":3,"traits_url":"mental_stimulation_needs","traits":"Mental Stimulation Needs","description":"How much mental stimulation a breed needs to stay happy and healthy. Purpose-bred dogs can have jobs that require decision-making, problem-solving, concentration, or other qualities, and without the brain exercise they need, they'll create their own projects to keep their minds busy -- and they probably won't be the kind of projects you'd like.","breed_group":"Character","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Happy to Lounge","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"Needs a Job or Activity"},"openness_to_strangers":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":5,"traits_url":"openness_to_strangers","traits":"Openness To Strangers","description":"How welcoming a breed is likely to be towards strangers. Some breeds will be reserved or cautious around all strangers, regardless of the location, while other breeds will be happy to meet a new human whenever one is around!","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Reserved","middle_value_3":"Ambivalent","high_value_5":"Everyone Is My Best Friend"},"playfulness_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":5,"traits_url":"playfulness_level","traits":"Playfulness Level","description":"How enthusiastic about play a breed is likely to be, even past the age of puppyhood. Some breeds will continue wanting to play tug-of-war or fetch well into their adult years, while others will be happy to just relax on the couch with you most of the time.","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Only When You Want To Play","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"Non-Stop"},"shedding_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":3,"traits_url":"shedding_level","traits":"Shedding Level","description":"How much fur and hair you can expect the breed to leave behind. Breeds with high shedding will need to be brushed more frequently, are more likely to trigger certain types of allergies, and are more likely to require more consistent vacuuming and lint-rolling.","breed_group":"Physical","type":"radio","low_value_1":"No Shedding","middle_value_3":"Moderate","high_value_5":"Hair Everywhere"},"trainability_level":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":4,"traits_url":"trainability_level","traits":"Trainability Level","description":"How easy it will be to train your dog, and how willing your dog will be to learn new things. Some breeds just want to make their owner proud, while others prefer to do what they want, when they want to, wherever they want!","breed_group":"Character","type":"radio","low_value_1":"Self-Willed","middle_value_3":"Agreeable","high_value_5":"Eager to Please"},"watchdogprotective_nature":{"selected":[],"choices":false,"score":3,"traits_url":"watchdogprotective_nature","traits":"Watchdog/Protective Nature","description":"A breed's tendency to alert you that strangers are around. These breeds are more likely to react to any potential threat, whether it's the mailman or a squirrel outside the window. These breeds are likely to warm to strangers who enter the house and are accepted by their family.","breed_group":"Social","type":"radio","low_value_1":"What's Mine Is Yours","middle_value_3":"Occasional","high_value_5":"Vigilant"},"other_petsanimals_this_breed_may_not_interact_well_with":{"traits_url":"other_petsanimals_this_breed_may_not_interact_well_with","traits":"Other Pets/Animals This Breed May Not Interact Well With","description":"Some breeds are better suited than others to interact with animals other than dogs, whether it's around the house or around the yard. Always supervise interactions between species to help keep your dog and other animals safe.","breed_group":"Social","low_value_1":"Checkbox (can have multiple values)","middle_value_3":"","high_value_5":"","choices":false,"selected":[]}}}},"description":{"french-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_org_blurb":"The one-of-a-kind French Bulldog, with his large bat ears and even disposition, is one of the world's most popular small-dog breeds, especially among city dwellers. The Frenchie is playful, alert, adaptable, and completely irresistible.","akc_org_about":"The French Bulldog resembles a Bulldog in miniature, except for the large, erect 'bat ears' that are the breed's trademark feature. The head is large and square, with heavy wrinkles rolled above the extremely short nose. The body beneath the smooth, brilliant coat is compact and muscular.\n\n\n\n The bright, affectionate Frenchie is a charmer. Dogs of few words, Frenchies don't bark much'¿but their alertness makes them excellent watchdogs. They happily adapt to life with singles, couples, or families, and do not require a lot of outdoor exercise. They get on well with other animals and enjoy making new friends of the human variety. It is no wonder that city folk from Paris to Peoria swear by this vastly amusing and companionable breed.","mp_description":"You'll not find a more amusing companion than a French Bulldog puppy: he'll be alert, affectionate and irresistible. His favorite perch is your lap, although he's up for a brisk walk twice a day. French Bulldogs prefer to be indoors during hot weather where it is cool, preferably air-conditioned place. Training will rein in your puppy's natural stubbornness and you'll be rewarded with an intelligent, lovable and entertaining pal."}},"standards":{"french-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","title_1":"General Appearance","description_1":"The French Bulldog has the appearance of an active, intelligent, muscular dog of heavy bone, smooth coat, compactly built, and of medium or small structure. Expression alert, curious, and interested. Any alteration other than removal of dewclaws is considered mutilation and is a disqualification. Proportion and Symmetry - All points are well distributed and bear good relation one to the other; no feature being in such prominence from either excess or lack of quality that the animal appears poorly proportioned.","title_2":"Head","description_2":"Head large and square. Eyes dark in color, wide apart, set low down in the skull, as far from the ears as possible, round in form, of moderate size, neither sunken nor bulging. In lighter colored dogs, lighter colored eyes are acceptable. No haw and no white of the eye showing when looking forward. Ears Known as the bat ear, broad at the base, elongated, with round top, set high on the head but not too close together, and carried erect with the orifice to the front. The leather of the ear fine and soft. Other than bat ears is a disqualification. The top of the skull flat between the ears; the forehead is not flat but slightly rounded.","title_3":"Neck Topline Body","description_3":"The neck is thick and well arched with loose skin at the throat. The back is a roach back with a slight fall close behind the shoulders; strong and short, broad at the shoulders and narrowing at the loins. The body is short and well rounded. The chest is broad, deep, and full; well ribbed with the belly tucked up. The tail is either straight or screwed (but not curly), short, hung low, thick root and fine tip; carried low in repose.","title_4":"Forequarters","description_4":"Forelegs are short, stout, straight, muscular and set wide apart. Dewclaws may be removed. Feet are moderate in size, compact and firmly set. Toes compact, well split up, with high knuckles and short stubby nails.","title_5":"Hindquarters","description_5":"Hind legs are strong and muscular, longer than the forelegs, so as to elevate the loins above the shoulders. Hocks well let down. Feet are moderate in size, compact and firmly set. Toes compact, well split up, with high knuckles and short stubby nails; hind feet slightly longer than forefeet.","title_6":"Coat","description_6":"Coat is moderately fine, brilliant, short and smooth. Skin is soft and loose, especially at the head and shoulders, forming wrinkles.","title_7":"","description_7":"","title_8":"","description_8":"","height_min":"11","height_max":"13","weight_min":"28","weight_max":"28","size":"Small","breed_standard_PDF":"http://images.akc.org/pdf/breeds/standards/French_Bulldog-6-18.pdf","height_min_f":"11","height_max_f":"13","height_min_m":"11","height_max_m":"13","height_display":"11-13 inches","weight_min_f":"28","weight_max_f":"28","weight_min_m":"28","weight_max_m":"28","weight_display":"under 28 pounds"}},"markings":{"french-bulldog":{"markings":[{"marking_index":139,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"A","cde_markings":"013","markings_long":"Ticked","markings_short":"TKD"},{"marking_index":140,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"014","markings_long":"White Markings","markings_short":"WH MKGS"},{"marking_index":141,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"002","markings_long":"Black Markings","markings_short":"BLK MKGS"},{"marking_index":142,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"004","markings_long":"Black Mask","markings_short":"BLK MSK"},{"marking_index":143,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"025","markings_long":"Piebald","markings_short":"PBLD"},{"marking_index":144,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_markings":"007","markings_long":"Brindle Markings","markings_short":"BRDL MKGS"}]}},"colors":{"french-bulldog":{"colors":[{"color_index":505,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"057","color_long":"Brindle","color_short":"BRDL"},{"color_index":506,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"059","color_long":"Brindle & White","color_short":"BRDL & WH"},{"color_index":507,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"076","color_long":"Cream","color_short":"CR"},{"color_index":508,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"082","color_long":"Fawn","color_short":"FN"},{"color_index":509,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"086","color_long":"Fawn & White","color_short":"FN & WH"},{"color_index":510,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"089","color_long":"Fawn Brindle & White","color_short":"FN BRDL & WH"},{"color_index":511,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"199","color_long":"White","color_short":"WH"},{"color_index":512,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"203","color_long":"White & Brindle","color_short":"WH & BRDL"},{"color_index":513,"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_code":"305","standard_alternate":"S","cde_color":"207","color_long":"White & Fawn","color_short":"WH & FN"}]}},"clubs":{"french-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","breed_club_name":"French Bulldog Club of America","breed_club_url":"https://frenchbulldogclub.org/","breed_club_pdf_url":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn-origin-etr.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/06110026/FrenchBulldog20210317.pdf","breed_rescue_url":"http://www.frenchbulldogrescue.org/","national_breed_club":"French Bulldog Club of America","national_breed_club_url":"https://frenchbulldogclub.org/","breed_referral_contact_name":"Virginia Rowland","breed_referral_contact_phone_number":"(978) 424-1044","breed_referral_contact_email":"Blackslate@aol.com","breed_referral_contact_address":"PO BOX 300\nTEMPLETON, MA 01468-0300","breed_referral_directory_title":"website","breed_referral_directory_url":"http://frenchbulldogclub.org/about-frenchies/breeder-directory","breed_referral_regional_club_title":"website","breed_referral_regional_club_url":"http://frenchbulldogclub.org/about/regional-clubs","breed_referral_breed_steward_title":"","breed_referral_breed_steward_url":"","breed_referral_breed_mentor_title":"","breed_referral_breed_mentor_url":"","breed_rescue_link":"http://www.frenchbulldogrescue.org/","breed_club_metadata":[{"id":1523,"breed_id":"109","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: National Breed Club Content","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_mp_freetext","date_create":"2022-04-21 15:41:23","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":109,"breed_id":"109","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"National Breed Club & Rescue Paragraph","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue","date_create":"2021-12-13 15:50:11","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":"Want to connect with other people who love the same breed as much as you do? We have plenty of opportunities to get involved in your local community thanks to AKC Breed Clubs located in every state and more than 450 AKC Rescue Network groups across the country. The first specialty club to represent this breed was the French Bull Dog Club of America."},{"id":716,"breed_id":"109","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue Email","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_email","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:17","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":718,"breed_id":"109","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue (freetext field)","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_freetext","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:17","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":715,"breed_id":"109","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue Name","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_name","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:17","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null},{"id":717,"breed_id":"109","text_model_name":"ParentClub","text_metafield_label":"MP: Breed Rescue Phone","text_metafield_key":"national_breed_club_rescue_phone","date_create":"2022-04-13 18:35:17","date_updated":null,"clob_metafield_value":null}]}},"history":{"french-bulldog":{"breed_name_url":"french-bulldog","breed_name":"French Bulldog","akc_org_history":"In the mid-1800s, a toy-size Bulldog found favor in some English cities, including Nottingham, then a center for lace making. The toy Bulldog became something of a mascot for Nottingham's lace makers. This was the height of the Industrial Revolution in England, and such 'cottage industries' as lace making were increasingly threatened. Many in the lace trade relocated to northern France, and of course, they brought their toy Bulldogs with them.\n \n \n \n The little dogs became popular in the French countryside where lace makers settled. Over a span of decades, the toy Bulldogs were crossed with other breeds, perhaps terriers and Pugs, and, along the way, developed their now-famous bat ears. They were given the name Bouledogue Français.\n \n \n \n Paris eventually discovered the delightful new breed, and thus began the Frenchie's reputation as city dog par excellence. The breed came to be associated with Paris café life, and with the bon vivants and fancy ladies who sought nocturnal pleasures in Parisian dancehalls. Edgar Degas and Toulouse-Lautrec depicted the Frenchie in paintings of the Paris demimonde.\n \n \n \n By the end of the 19th century, the Frenchie's popularity had spread across Europe and to America. The breed was tougher sell in England. The Bulldog was a national symbol, and it rankled many Englishmen that their age-old rivals, the French, would dare adapt it to their purposes.\n \n \n \n American devotees of the early 1900s contributed to the breed by insisting that the bat ear, as opposed to the 'rose ear,' was the correct Frenchie type. It is by this distinctive feature that the Frenchie is instantly recognizable the world over.","mp_history_job":"French Bulldogs are from ... France, right? Gotcha! That was a trick question. Frenchies originally come from Robin Hood¿s stomping ground, Nottingham, England. There, in the 19th century, lacemakers bred the Bulldog down to a smaller size to keep as lapdogs. When the Industrial Revolution sent the lacemakers to France, they took the dogs with them, where they became popular and later attracted the attention of wealthy Americans.","did_you_know":"It is fairly well established that one of the ancestors of the French Bulldog is, not surprisingly, the English Bulldog (most likely one of the toy variety). | Originally called the Boule-Dog Francais, though the english later scoffed at the idea of calling an English dog by a French name. | Two distinctive features of the French Bulldog are its bat ears and half-flat, half-domed skull. | Had it not been for the objections of American fanciers, the bat ear of the French Bulldog would have been bred out of the breed and replaced with a rose ear, resulting in a miniaturized version of the English Bulldog. | While bred primarily as pets and companions, Frenchies are remarkably intelligent and serve as good watchdogs."}}},"wp_breed_api_url":"https://www.akc.org/wp-json/json/v2/breedlist.json","breed_standard_text":"Breed Standard: A description of the ideal dog of each recognized breed, to serve as an ideal against which dogs are judged at shows, originally laid down by a parent breed club and accepted officially by national or international bodies.
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Non-Sporting Group judging at the 2016 AKC National Championship presented by Royal Canin in Orlando, FL.","caption":"","credit":"David Woo ©American Kennel Club"},{"src":"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-face-close-up.jpg","alt":"French Bulldog face close up.","caption":"","credit":"©CySa - stock.adobe.com"},{"src":"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-laying-down-in-the-grass.jpg","alt":"French Bulldog laying down in the grass.","caption":"","credit":"Elisabeth Hammerschmid/Shutterstock"},{"src":"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-fetching-a-stick-on-the-beach.jpg","alt":"French Bulldog fetching a stick on the beach.","caption":"","credit":"©homydesign - stock.adobe.com"},{"src":"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldogs-standing-side-by-side-in-the-park.jpg","alt":"French Bulldogs standing side by side in the park.","caption":"","credit":"SubertT/Shutterstock"},{"src":"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-laying-down-in-the-garden.jpg","alt":"French Bulldog laying down in the garden.","caption":"","credit":"©kathomenden - stock.adobe.com"},{"src":"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-standing-in-the-grass.jpg","alt":"French Bulldog standing in the grass.","caption":"","credit":""}],"standard":{"src":"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-Illo-2.jpg","alt":"French Bulldog illustration."}},"standard":{"image":"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-Illo-2.jpg"},"puppies":{"image":{"src":"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-puppy-standing-in-the-grass-holding-a-ball-in-its-mouth.jpg","alt":"French Bulldog puppy standing in the grass holding a ball in its mouth."},"title":"Find Puppies","text":"AKC Marketplace is the only site to exclusively list 100% AKC puppies from AKC-Registered litters and the breeders who have cared for and raised these puppies are required to follow rules and regulations established by the AKC.","button":{"text":"Look for your Puppy","url":"http://marketplace.akc.org/puppies/french-bulldog/","is_external":true}},"clubs":{"image":{"src":false,"alt":null},"title":"National Breed Club & Rescue","text":"Want to connect with other people who love the same breed as much as you do? We have plenty of opportunities to get involved in your local community thanks to AKC Breed Clubs located in every state and more than 450 AKC Rescue Network groups across the country. The first specialty club to represent this breed was the French Bull Dog Club of America."},"popularity":{"title":"AKC Breed Popularity Ranking","text":"Every year the American Kennel Club releases the list of \"most popular breeds\", based on registration statistics for that year.
\n"},"history":{"anchor_nav":{"id":"timeline","url":"#timeline","value":"#timeline","text":"History","is_active":null,"menu_order":5},"has_dots":true,"section_title":{"text":"History"},"content":"In the mid-1800s, a toy-size Bulldog found favor in some English cities, including Nottingham, then a center for lace making. The toy Bulldog became something of a mascot for Nottingham’s lace makers. This was the height of the Industrial Revolution in England, and such “cottage industries” as lace making were increasingly threatened. Many in the lace trade relocated to northern France, and of course, they brought their toy Bulldogs with them.
\nThe little dogs became popular in the French countryside where lace makers settled. Over a span of decades, the toy Bulldogs were crossed with other breeds, perhaps terriers and Pugs, and, along the way, developed their now-famous bat ears. They were given the name Bouledogue Français.
\nParis eventually discovered the delightful new breed, and thus began the Frenchie’s reputation as city dog par excellence. The breed came to be associated with Paris café life, and with the bon vivants and fancy ladies who sought nocturnal pleasures in Parisian dancehalls. Edgar Degas and Toulouse-Lautrec depicted the Frenchie in paintings of the Paris demimonde.
\nBy the end of the 19th century, the Frenchie’s popularity had spread across Europe and to America. The breed was tougher sell in England. The Bulldog was a national symbol, and it rankled many Englishmen that their age-old rivals, the French, would dare adapt it to their purposes.
\nAmerican devotees of the early 1900s contributed to the breed by insisting that the bat ear, as opposed to the “rose ear,” was the correct Frenchie type. It is by this distinctive feature that the Frenchie is instantly recognizable the world over.
\n","excerpt":"In the mid-1800s, a toy-size Bulldog found favor in some English cities, including Nottingham, then a center for lace making. The toy Bulldog became something of a mascot for Nottingham’s lace makers. This was the height of the Industrial Revolution…","origins":"","slides":[{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-History-04-e1517584724186.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the AKC Library and Archives"},{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-History-05.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the AKC Library and Archives"},{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-History-01.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the AKC Library and Archives"},{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-History-02.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the AKC Library and Archives"},{"img_html":"![\"A](\"https://www.akc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/French-Bulldog-History-03.jpg\")
","credit":"Courtesy of the AKC Library and Archives"}],"tall_credits":false},"health":{"description":"Owning a dog is not just a privilege; it’s a responsibility. They depend on us for, at minimum, food and shelter, and deserve much more. When you take a dog into your life, you need to understand the commitment that dog ownership entails.
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